JA

Redefinindo a dinâmica competitiva global

por= Marcos Aguiar, Thomas Bradtke, Erica Carlisle, Dinesh Khanna, David Michael, Christoph Nettesheim, Rahool Panandiker, Peter Ullrich e David Lee
Artigo

Emerging markets are no longer emerging. Many of them have arrived—and they are fueling about two-thirds of global GDP growth. With young populations, growing middle classes, and rising consumption, these markets are becoming more prosperous and, despite recent headlines, more stable. In most of these markets, long-term resilience will trump short-term turbulence.

Many of the companies in these markets are also growing up rapidly, relying on innovation, talent, and other strengths to win. One example is Mindray Medical International—a Chinese medical-technology provider focusing on patient care and imaging and diagnostic products—which wants to be a force in all major markets and recognizes it must innovate to succeed in them. The company is committed to spending 10 percent of revenues on R&D.

To celebrate the success of these companies, we are publishing a list of 100 rapidly globalizing companies from emerging markets—the 2014 BCG global challengers. This is the sixth time we have published the list since 2006, and the 2014 list is noteworthy in three key ways.

First, fewer global challengers dropped off the list than in the past, signaling that they are acquiring more sustainable advantages beyond a large home market and low-cost labor.

Second, challengers emerged in new consumer categories, such as fast foods, represented by companies such as the Philippines’s Jollibee Foods, with 2,000 restaurants; and wine and spirits, represented by Chile’s Concha y Toro, the world’s seventh-largest winery, and Thailand’s Thai Beverage. These additions show both the growing purchasing power of the middle class in emerging markets and the success of these companies.  

Terceiro, cinco empresas se formaram na lista para se tornar líderes globais em suas indústrias, em comparação com apenas duas em 2013. Os graduados deste ano incluem o Grupo Bimbo do México, o maior padeiro do mundo e o maior número de empresas do Huawei, o maior número de gestões de pinos do mundo, o maior número de computadores de pinos do mundo. Alguns outros destaques da lista deste ano:

Here are some other highlights of this year’s list:

Fazendo o corte

Havia 13 recém -chegados na lista este ano, e cada um deles se tornou parte do grupo, destacando -se em uma das três áreas.

Capturando os consumidores de classe média. Os desafiantes de benéitos de consumo rápido, TMT e outras empresas voltadas para o consumidor estão preparadas para atendê-las. Entre os novos desafiantes, quatro ou 31 %, são empresas de bens de consumo e dois ou 15 %, são empresas de TMT. É o maior produtor de vinhos da América Latina e o sétimo maior do mundo. A empresa, com US $ 950 milhões em vendas, possui vinhedos no Chile, Argentina e EUA. Apesar do consumo de vinho plano em todo o mundo, a concha e a Toro aumentou as receitas a uma taxa anual de 5 % de 2011 a 2013. As exportações, que representam 68 % da receita, estão crescendo em um clipe ainda mais rápido. Recursos. É uma das três principais empresas de Internet mais valiosas do mundo classificadas pela capitalização de mercado e o primeiro desafiante global cujas raízes estão totalmente online. A Tencent começou recentemente a expandir o exterior e já está gerando 7 % das receitas fora da China. Dos 600 milhões de usuários de seu serviço de mensagens sociais do WeChat, 100 milhões estão localizados no exterior. A empresa está investindo fortemente no exterior em jogos, onde gera mais da metade de suas receitas. Por exemplo, a Tencent agora possui jogos de Riot, o estúdio que criou League of Legends. A Tencent gerou US $ 9,8 bilhões em receita em 2013 e registrou 46 % de crescimento anual de receita de 2011 a 2013. Between 2009 and 2020, the size of the global middle class will expand from 1.8 billion to 3.2 billion—and nearly all of the new members will live in emerging markets. Challengers from fast-moving-consumer-goods, TMT, and other consumer-facing companies are prepared to serve them. Among the new challengers, four, or 31 percent, are consumer goods companies, and two, or 15 percent, are TMT companies.

Concha y Toro, based in Chile, for example, is the first luxury-goods company to become a global challenger. It is the largest Latin American wine producer and the seventh largest in the world. The company, with $950 million in sales, has vineyards in Chile, Argentina, and the U.S. It is one of the few winemakers trying to create a global brand, as evidenced by its sponsorship of the Manchester United Football Club. Despite flat wine consumption globally, Concha y Toro increased revenues at an annual rate of 5 percent from 2011 through 2013. Exports, which account for 68 percent of revenue, are growing at an even faster clip.

Meeting Digital Needs. Many companies in emerging markets have been rapidly developing innovative and advanced digital services, helping consumers improve their lives and companies strengthen their capabilities.

Tencent Holdings, based in China, is one of two new challengers in the technology, media, and telecommunications industry. It is one of the top three most valuable Internet companies in the world ranked by market capitalization and the first global challenger whose roots are wholly online. Tencent recently began expanding overseas and is already generating 7 percent of revenues outside China. Of the 600 million users of its WeChat social-messaging service, 100 million are located overseas. The company is investing heavily overseas in gaming, where it generates more than one-half of its revenues. For example, Tencent now owns Riot Games, the studio that created League of Legends. Tencent generated $9.8 billion in revenues in 2013, and it recorded 46 percent annual revenue growth from 2011 through 2013.

Construindo e fornecendo o mundo. Sete dos recém -chegados pertencem aos setores de bens e recursos industriais dos quais os desafiantes globais vêm tradicionalmente. Mas seu sucesso é cada vez mais impulsionado pela inovação e não por custos baixos. Seu modelo de negócios é construído em torno da integração vertical, retirando matérias -primas do solo e produzindo e distribuindo produtos finais. A Eurochem anunciou planos em 2013 para construir uma fábrica de fertilizantes de US $ 1,5 bilhão nos EUA e formar uma joint venture com a Migao Corporation, um produtor de fertilizantes especializados com sede na China. As vendas estrangeiras representaram mais de 80 % dos US $ 5,5 bilhões da Eurochem em 2013, e as receitas cresceram 24 % de 2011 a 2013.

EuroChem Mineral and Chemical, based in Russia, is a top ten fertilizer producer today and aims to break into the top five and go public in the next few years. Its business model is built around vertical integration, pulling raw materials out of the ground and producing and distributing final products. EuroChem announced plans in 2013 to build a $1.5 billion fertilizer plant in the U.S. and form a joint venture with Migao Corporation, a specialty fertilizer producer based in China. Foreign sales accounted for more than 80 percent of EuroChem’s $5.5 billion in revenues in 2013, and revenues grew by 24 percent from 2011 through 2013.

The End of Easy Growth

The work of global challengers is not done. These companies will have to work harder for their success in the future. Their home markets are also becoming more challenging. China’s economy is expanding at the slowest pace in more than a decade, and annual growth in once-booming nations such as Brazil, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa has slowed to about 1.5 to 2.5 percent. They also must compete against the Local Dynamos—those companies that have consciously decided not to go global. (See 2014 BCG Local Dynamos: Como as empresas nos mercados emergentes estão ganhando em casa , BCG Report, julho de 2014.)

Além disso, os desafiantes globais precisam assumir multinacionais, que estão se tornando mais inteligentes em sua abordagem aos mercados emergentes. Algumas empresas - incluindo Hyundai Motor Group e Yum! As marcas, proprietárias das redes KFC, Pizza Hut e Taco Bell, descobriram como personalizar e localizar seus produtos sem comprometer as vantagens de escala, tamanho e marca. 

Finalmente, os desafiantes globais buscaram a maior parte das oportunidades de fácil crescimento no exterior. Eles geralmente precisam fazer investimentos em mercados no exterior para capturar maior participação de mercado. Mas essas empresas precisam ter cuidado com onde fazem suas apostas. Eles decidirão que sua força de longo prazo baseia-se na criação de pegadas e modelos de negócios verdadeiramente globais, a fim de aproveitar a eventual convergência das taxas de crescimento dos dois mundos? Ou eles se retirarão de volta para casa e para outros mercados emergentes?

Essas são dores crescentes - não o fim do crescimento. Os desafiantes globais ainda estão no jogo. Para vencer neste Novo Mundo, eles precisam desenvolver três recursos:

From Global Challengers to Global Leaders

While no two companies are the same, many of them face the same challenge of translating the global aspirations of senior leaders into systematic programs that will transform the organization. Based on our work with emerging-market companies, we have created a global “challenger to leader” (C2L) program. C2L helps companies make global ambitions part of their DNA by transforming their people and organization practices, operations, and general go-to-market activities.

While the program addresses 20 initiatives, we focus here on two—talent and innovation—that are especially critical for leaders to address.

Talent. The shortage of talent threatens to undermine growth plans for all global challengers, but especially those seeking to move into new markets. In Indonesia—a country BCG has studied extensively—a 40 to 60 percent gap between the demand for middle managers and the supply will have developed by 2020. (See Enfrentando desafios de talentos da Indonésia , BCG Focus, maio de 2013.)

Para piorar as coisas, quase 60 % dos graduados mudam de trabalho nos seus primeiros três anos de emprego e mais de um termo a troca de trabalhos duas ou mais vezes nesse período. Novos funcionários saem para melhores ofertas, mas também porque estão desligados. O seguinte é um Plano de ataque de cinco partes Isso ajudará bastante a aliviar a escassez e abordar a insatisfação dos funcionários:

Innovation. The success of a company’s innovation activities is generally expressed in the number of patents issued or R&D dollars spent. By that measure, the challengers have a long way to go to catch up. They spend about one-tenth the amount on R&D as the top 100 U.S. patent issuers. Fortunately, they are doubling down on innovation. From 2008 through 2013, the challengers increased their R&D spending by an average of 16 percent, four times faster than the those top U.S. patent issuers.



As global challengers move outside of the protective field of their home markets, they need to start behaving like multinationals in the way they approach talent and innovation. It’s not that multinationals have all the answers—far from it. But they have been developing and professionalizing their practices for longer.

Executives should be carefully assessing their capabilities in order to understand the transformative moves they will need to make. They also have to understand that strengthening their capabilities will likely come at the expense of margins. It is not cheap to be big in many markets. But it is necessary if you want to win over the growing numbers of middle-class consumers in markets close to home. These consumers represent the future of the global economy, and they are there for the taking.

Authors

Managing Director & Senior Partner

Marcos Aguiar

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior
São Paulo

Principal

Erica Carlisle

Principal
São Francisco - Área da Baía

Alumnus

Dinesh Khanna

Alumnus

Alumnus

David Michael

Alumnus

Advisor sênior

Christoph Nettesheim

Consultor sênior
Berlim

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior

Rahool Panandiker

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior
Mumbai - Complexo Bandra Kurla

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro

Peter Ullrich

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro
Munique

Conteúdo relacionado

Salvo para Meu conteúdo salvo
Saved To Meu conteúdo salvo
Download Artigo