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Liderança adaptativa: uma capacidade crítica para o setor público

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Pensamos em líderes como personalidades fortes que têm uma visão e estabelecem o curso para as organizações que lideram.  Mas os líderes encontram cada vez mais essa visão que falta.  Em seu ensaio “ A empresa globalmente integrada . Eles impedem que a informação flua dentro das empresas, dificultando a natureza fluida e colaborativa do trabalho hoje. ”

This observation is particularly true for public-sector organizations in today’s environment, which encourages leaders to be both averse to risk and highly responsive to change. Public-sector leaders often work against a backdrop of unexpected political and policy changes and crises. In addition, their roles may be further constrained by the term limits they face as political appointees or elected officials. Their organizations also face pressure to offer increasingly complex services and to adapt to new technologies—all while subject to high levels of public accountability and scrutiny. A traditional command-and-control approach ignores the realities of the current climate and the needs of teams that often remain long after politics and policy have left their mark. (See “Adaptive Leadership Can Help Ease ‘Change Whiplash’ in the Public Sector,” below.)

Liderança adaptativa pode ajudar a aliviar a “mudança de chicote” no setor público

Governments with shorter electoral cycles can suffer from a “change for the sake of change” mentality, or “change whiplash.”  Incoming leaders may ask themselves several of the following questions.

What change can I implement quickly to differentiate my time in office from that of my predecessor?

Public-sector leaders often serve limited terms, particularly if they are elected officials or political appointees. This can lead to short-term, policy-only change agendas rather than deep reforms that address infrastructure- or capability-building needs. Leaders in this position too often think:

Por que se adaptar à organização existente quando tenho tão pouco tempo para causar um impacto? Em outras palavras, eles desaprendendo a adaptividade. Eles acabam dizendo para si mesmos:

The leadership teams that outlive various administrators’ limited “regimes” often rely on survival skills and become exhausted by the regular cycles of redirection. In other words, they unlearn adaptivity. They wind up saying to themselves:

Por que se adaptar quando eu sei que o próximo líder mudará de direção mais uma vez?

Líderes de curto prazo e suas equipes de longo prazo têm requisitos e incentivos inversos. A liderança adaptativa pode quebrar o círculo vicioso, implantando dois atributos de liderança adaptativa. Perspectivas. Mudanças fundamentais no ambiente de hoje nos obrigam a repensar a natureza da estratégia, organização e, consequentemente, liderança.

  • Appointed leaders should focus on having empathy for tenured leaders and their needs and a willingness to build platforms for transparent collaboration that invite a diversity of perspectives.
  • Tenured leaders must embrace adaptivity themselves, welcoming the accountability that comes with shared leadership and delivering on shorter-term, high-priority policy requirements while championing courageously for the longer-term needs.

Our research and experience suggest that the fundamental shifts in today’s environment compel us to rethink the nature of strategy, organization, and consequently, leadership.

Considere as seguintes tendências:

Turbulence and uncertainty have undermined the effectiveness of long-range forecasting and traditional strategic planning.

How can leaders chart a course when they can't predict the outcomes of their choices?

Government agencies are increasingly interdependent—and often have overlapping missions or scope.

When boundaries are blurred, who leads whom?

The pervasiveness of digital communication and technology has made every organization an information organization.

In such an environment, how can leaders ensure that their organizations are reading the right signals and acting on them?

The pressure on public services is intensifying as populations age, expectations rise, and resources become more stretched.

How can leaders build up society’s trust in public organizations? How can they harness the creativity and passion of the workforce to deliver more from the same resources?

Alguns ambientes são maduros e previsíveis, enquanto outros são altamente incertos.

How do leaders ensure that they are taking the right approach—or the right mosaic of approaches—for the specific challenges at hand?

Essas mudanças exigem estratégias e organizações adaptativas e exigem que os líderes também se tornem adaptativos. Os líderes adaptativos criam condições que envolvem funcionários em todos os níveis da organização e permitem que eles atinjam objetivos comuns, particularmente em um ambiente de incerteza. liderando com empatia; Aprender através da auto-reteção e criar soluções em que todos ganham. (“

Dimensions of Adaptive Leadership

There are four dimensions to leadership that distinguish the adaptive leadership model from more traditional leadership models: navigating a new environment; leading with empathy; learning through self-correction, and creating win-win solutions. (“ Novas regras de liderança ”BCG White Paper, maio de 2010.)

Navigating the New Environment. Nelson Mandela once said, “[T]he ways in which we will achieve our goals are bound by context, changing with circumstances even while remaining steadfast in our commitment to our vision.”  Adaptive leaders must embrace uncertainty and adopt new approaches if they are to chart a course amid today’s turbulent conditions.

Leading with Empathy. Adaptive leaders create a shared sense of purpose and manage through influence rather than command and control.

Learning Through Self-Correction. Obviamente, algumas experiências fracassarão, mas é assim que as organizações adaptativas aprendem. Adaptive leaders encourage—indeed insist on—experimentation by creating safe, no-risk environments internally. Of course, some experiments will fail, but that is how adaptive organizations learn.

Criando soluções de ganha-ganha. Colaboração. A tecnologia agora possibilita que grandes grupos colaborem em tarefas complexas. Forte liderança adaptativa pode ajudar a capacitar os funcionários a colaborar de maneira eficaz: o governo australiano, por exemplo, lançou uma iniciativa de colaboração chamada  Adaptive leaders focus on sustainable success for both the organization as well as its external network of stakeholders.

Modulating the Leadership Model

Unpredictable environments will require different leadership styles like those characterized above.  Not all environments or challenges are alike, however. Just as different organizational models are needed for different environments, so too are different leadership styles. Over time, an organization might move from one leadership archetype to another—for example, during periods of major policy reform, stable organizations can be disrupted, and a shift to a more experimental style may be more effective. Or when an organization is facing a period marked by more stable policies and less reform, then a more deliberate, analytical style may be optimal. When an organization is not yet adaptive but needs to become more so, strong individual leadership may be required initially to disrupt the status quo—but might later give way to a more collaborative style.



Não existe uma lista de verificação universal para liderança adaptativa, mas os líderes focados nas quatro dimensões que descrevemos serão melhor equipados para um ambiente turbulento e imprevisível. Para avaliar o quão adaptável é o seu modelo de liderança, pergunte a si mesmo e a suas equipes de liderança apenas três perguntas sobre o que você está fazendo e como está pensando como líderes:

Concluímos com uma citação de John Clarkeson, ex -CEO da BCG, que prescientemente e vividamente esboçou esse novo modelo de liderança há 20 anos em uma perspectiva de BCG intitulada “ Jazz vs. Symphony ”:

A liderança fluirá para aqueles cuja visão pode inspirar os membros da equipe a colocar suas melhores habilidades a serviço da equipe. Esses líderes criarão em vez de exigir lealdade; os melhores que desejam trabalhar com eles. Membros. Martin Reeves

Authors

Managing Director & Senior Partner, Chairman of the BCG Henderson Institute

Martin Reeves

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior, Presidente do Instituto BCG Henderson
São Francisco - Área da Baía

Advisor sênior

Mike Shanahan

Consultor sênior
Boston

Alumna

Roselinde Torres

Alumna

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior

Jeffrey Chua

Diretor Gerente e Parceiro Sênior
Cingapura

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