O setor de transporte marítimo é a espinha dorsal da economia global, facilitando 90% do comércio internacional e transportando mais de 11 bilhões de toneladas de mercadorias anualmente. No entanto, é responsável por 2% a 3% das emissões globais de gases de efeito estufa (GEE), o que contribui para as emissões de cadeia de suprimentos (escopo 3) de todas as empresas com logística marítima. Em 2023, a Organização Marítima Internacional revisou sua meta de emissões de GEE para obter emissões líquidas zero para envio por ou mais por volta de 2050.
O Centro Global de Descarbonização Marítima (GCMD) e o Boston Consulting Group (BCG) realizaram uma pesquisa da indústria de primeira linha para fazer um movimento dos proprietários de navios e do progresso dos operadores no estabelecimento de seis elementos necessários para o setor para alcançar líquido zero . A pesquisa viu uma forte participação de 128 proprietários e operadores em tipos de embarcações, tamanhos de frota e geografias, que possuem ou opera coletivamente 14.000 embarcações comerciais e representam US $ 500 bilhões em receita. já tinha estabelecido concreto
High Decarbonization Ambitions, Uneven Progress
We found high decarbonization ambitions: Most respondents viewed net zero as a strategic priority, and 77% had already set concrete descarbonização alvos. A indústria também mobilizou recursos para descarbonizar: os entrevistados estão investindo 2% de suas receitas em iniciativas verdes e 87% têm pessoal trabalhando em direção aos objetivos verdes. Eficiência tecnológica, transição de combustível e captura de carbono a bordo
The path to net zero for shipowners and operators requires six elements:
- A robust strategy and roadmap
- Four specific decarbonization levers to reduce emissions: operational efficiency, technological efficiency, fuel transition, and shipboard carbon capture
- Enablers such as dedicated sustainability teams, strategic investments in green initiatives, internal carbon prices, and digitalization
While the industry has made some progress in adopting mature and cost-effective efficiency levers, adoption of complex or nascent levers remains low. Drop-in green fuels are constrained by costs and supply-side gaps, and optimism for future cleaner fuels is yet to translate into firm commitment.
The industry is now at a pivotal point, with many shipowners and operators ramping up their decarbonization efforts. Three-quarters of respondents plan to increase investments in green initiatives. Stakeholders can build on this momentum with a variety of supportive actions. But to be effective, they need to tailor their interventions to address the specific challenges that shipowners and operators face at each stage of decarbonization.
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Três arquétipos de descarbonização
Vemos três arquétipos, diferenciados em suas perspectivas, apetite de investimento e os desafios enfrentados. Eles estão ultrapassando os limites, adotando alavancas de descarbonização nascentes, como propulsão de vento e lubrificação ao ar. Um plano majoritário para pilotar soluções de captura de carbono a bordo até 2025. Os pioneiros também planejam adotar metanol e amônia já em 2026 e 2029, respectivamente, e a disponibilidade de combustíveis e a infraestrutura de bunking será crítica e a adoção de uma adoção. Perspectivas de curto prazo. They have kept pace with Frontrunners in adopting mature and cost-effective efficiency levers, such as main engine improvements and slow steaming, but are behind in the adoption of nascent levers, such as wind propulsion and air lubrication.
Frontrunners have the greatest ambitions and are willing to invest heavily. They are pushing boundaries, adopting even nascent decarbonization levers, such as wind propulsion and air lubrication. A majority plan to pilot shipboard carbon capture solutions by 2025. Frontrunners are also planning to adopt methanol and ammonia as early as 2026 and 2029 respectively, and the availability of fuels and bunkering infrastructure will be critical to enabling adoption.
Followers believe in decarbonizing their fleets, but have tighter investment thresholds and a near-term outlook. They have kept pace with Frontrunners in adopting mature and cost-effective efficiency levers, such as main engine improvements and slow steaming, but are behind in the adoption of nascent levers, such as wind propulsion and air lubrication.
Conservatives are still early in their decarbonization journey, likely due to a lack of awareness and familiarity with the various decarbonization levers, and the recursos para avaliá -los e implantá -los. Eles são melhor apoiados por medidas que aumentam sua familiaridade com as alavancas e ajudam a contextualizá-las para suas frotas específicas e requisitos operacionais. Adoção de alavancas menos maduras
Call to Action
Our research highlights five key actions for stakeholders:
- Conduct technical pilots and facilitate data sharing, especially for nascent levers
- Create innovative financing mechanisms to de-risk adoption of less mature levers
- Raise awareness, contextualize levers, and build capabilities, especially among Conservatives
- Start to build out future fuels infrastructure at ports
- Develop mechanisms to equalize and share the costs of levers across the ecosystem
Maritime decarbonization is a complex, critical endeavor. The successful implementation of these five key actions demands a whole-of-value-chain approach. By working together, stakeholders can transform the maritime sector into a beacon of environmental stewardship, and set a course for a greener future where decarbonization and commercial success go hand in hand.
Sobre o Centro Global de Descarbonização Marítima
The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD) partners with industry and governmental stakeholders to help international shippingeliminate its GHG emissions by shaping standards for future fuels, financing first-of-a-kind projects, piloting Soluções de baixo carbono De maneira pontual a ponta e sob condições de operações do mundo real, e promover a colaboração em diferentes setores. Navios. Além disso, o GCMD integrou mais de 100 parceiros centrais e de nível de projeto, todos os quais compartilham os objetivos comuns de acelerar a implantação de tecnologias escaláveis de baixo carbono, validando a viabilidade técnica e comercial e reduzindo os pilotos e os pilotos e os projetos de 1970. Descarbonização marítima
To help address some of the key challenges that are bottlenecking maritime decarbonization, GCMD is focusing on initiatives in four areas: ammonia as a marine fuel, assurance framework for drop-in green fuels, unlocking the carbon value chain, and energy savings technologies to improve fuel efficiency of ships.
A nonprofit organization, GCMD was cofounded in 2021 by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) and six industry partners—BHP, BW Group, Eastern Pacific Shipping, Foundation Det Norske Veritas, Ocean Network Express, and Seatrium. GCMD has additionally onboarded more than 100 center and project-level partners, all of whom share the common goals of accelerating the deployment of scalable low-carbon technologies by validating technical and commercial feasibility, and lowering adoption barriers by leveraging the data and insights from GCMD-curated pilots and projects.
